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Adolf In Space Podcasts
Learn something new every day! Everything Everywhere Daily is a daily podcast for Intellectually Curious People. Host Gary Arndt tells the stories of interesting people, places, and things from around the world and throughout history. Gary is an accomplished world traveler, travel photographer, and polymath. Topics covered include history, science, mathematics, anthropology, archeology, geography, and culture. Past history episodes have dealt with ancient Rome, Phoenicia, Persia, Greece, Chi ...
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Between 1791 and 1804, the only successful slave rebellion in human history occurred. The revolution was an insurrection of enslaved Africans against French colonial rule in the Caribbean colony of Saint-Dominge. The success of the revolution led to the establishment of a free state known as Haiti. Yet, despite achieving their freedom, the aftermat…
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In 1885, the Russian Tsar Alexander III commissioned an Easter gift for his wife. It was a rather unusual gift. He asked one of the finest goldsmiths in the country to create a jeweled egg. However, it wasn’t just to be an expensive bauble. Inside the egg was to be another exquisite surprise. This began a tradition that would last for over 30 years…
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One of the most important inventions of the 20th century was the transistor. Prior to the transistor, electronic devices were large and bulky and dependent on vacuum tubes. Vacuum tubes were large, fragile, power-hungry, and prone to failure. The transistor not only replaced the vacuum tube in many applications but also enabled the miniaturization …
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In the 5th century BC, the Greek world found itself in the middle of one of its greatest wars. This wasn’t one of their existential conflicts against the Persians; this was a war of Greeks against Greeks. An alliance of city-states led by Athens fought a coalition led by Sparta for control of the Greek world. Over nearly 30 years, the two city-stat…
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The Guillotine has become infamous for being the main weapon utilized during the Reign of Terror and a modern symbol of the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror. It has been responsible for the deaths of tens of thousands of people since its invention in April of 1792. Of all the ways to execute people, why did they create an elaborate contrap…
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One of the most important inventions in human history was artificial lighting. With the electric lightbulb, the night could be illuminated, allowing people to extend the productive hours in a day and to work in places that were otherwise difficult or impossible. While the incandescent bulb was a breakthrough, it wasn’t actually very efficient. It w…
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The 19th Century wasn’t a good one for China. It was marked by the nation being taken advantage of by foreign powers and the signing of lopsided treaties. The 20th Century started out promising, but eventually devolved into a series of warlords and a civil war between two major forces for control of the country, on top of the Japanese occupation of…
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Michigan and Ohio are two states renowned for their intense rivalry. When you think of the rivalry between the two states, you may automatically think of the rivalry between the University of Michigan and Ohio State on the football field. However, their rivalry extends far beyond that. In 1835 and 1836, the two states came close to going to war ove…
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The months of the year are named after Roman god, and some are named after their placement in the year. However, the first month to be named after an actual person was the month of July, which was named after Julius Caesar. What is surprising isn’t that the name of the month has stuck for over 2000 years, it's that more rulers didn’t try to name mo…
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Five years ago today, I published the first episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. Since then, I’ve published over 1,800 episodes, written close to 3,000,000 words, and had my podcast episodes downloaded almost 50,000,000 times. In the process of doing all of that, I’ve learned a lot about this show and this audience and where it fits in the bigge…
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Marcus Licinius Crassus was the richest man in the Roman Republic. His wealth bought him power and influence, but it couldn’t buy him everything. His massive wealth couldn’t give him the respect and authority that came from victory on the battlefield. His desperate attempt to achieve this glory led to his spectacular demise and ultimately the fall …
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In the 19th century, New York City was one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. However, it was still a very young city, and as such, the city’s leaders were able to take a step back and plan what exactly they wanted the future of the city to be. What they decided was that the city needed a park. Not just any park, but a great park that took…
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On the evening of January 30, 1945, the deadliest shipwreck in human history occurred. Most of you might be aware of the sinking of the Titanic or the Lusitania, yet you’ll have never heard of the MV Wilhelm Gustloff. With a death toll 4 to 6 times worse than the Titanic, the maritime disaster has been all but forgotten today. Why has history forgo…
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For many of you listening to the sound of my voice right now, the audio originated from a digital file that was transported across the globe at the speed of light on fiber-optic cables. The fiber optic cables, which crisscross the oceans, create a network that unites the entire globe. Almost all the telephone calls, text messages, web pages, stream…
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Located in the heart of West Africa is the nation of Ghana. Ghana is a medium-sized country in terms of both population and area, but for West Africa, it has multiple distinctions and firsts which set it apart from the rest of the region. Its course since independence has taken it down a path that in some ways has been very similar to other African…
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There are many lessons we are supposed to know in life: pick up after yourself, never bet against a Sicilian when death is on the line, and most importantly, don’t invade Russia in the winter. Known as one of the greatest military disasters in history, Napoleon’s invasion of Russia is often cited as a key factor in the emperor's eventual defeat. Al…
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All sports are governed by a body of rules. Within those rules, there is usually a set of norms for how the game should be played. Most coaches will instruct their players to use similar techniques. However, every so often, someone comes along who totally rethinks how a game can be played. Using the same set of rules, they come up with a totally di…
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In late May and early June of 1917, the French Army faced what could have been an extensive crisis. After three years of some of the most brutal conflict that the world had ever seen, many soldiers had had enough. Thousands of troops refused to obey orders and refused to go along with the suicidal attacks that were the hallmark of trench warfare. I…
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In the Pacific Theater in World War II, the leader of the combined Japanese fleet was Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto. Yamamoto was villanized as the arch-enemy of the American forces in the Pacific, and to be fair, he was their enemy. But there is actually much more to the story. Yamamoto was the loudest voice against going to war with the United States …
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On April 12, 1862, one of the most daring and audacious events of the American Civil War took place. It wasn’t a major battle. It didn’t involve armies meeting each other on the field of battle. Instead, it was one of the first examples in military history of a raid designed to deny the enemy access to the most vital 19th-century technology: the ra…
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One of the most common types of plants in the world is grass. Grass is almost everywhere. An enormous part of the landmass on Earth is covered with grass. Grass isn’t just stuff in a field that cows eat, although that is part of it. Grasses also include some of the most economically important plants in the world. On many different levels, our civil…
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One of the most transformative events of the 20th century was the Russian Revolution. The Revolution was responsible for the downfall of the Russian monarchy and the rise of the Soviet Union. It also had reverberations that were felt all over the world by other revolutions that were inspired by the Russian Revolution. Learn about the Russian Revolu…
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One of the most popular fruits in the world are apples. Apples are associated with the Garden of Eden, pleasing your teacher, and the story of Snow White. They play a role in Greek and Norse mythology, and they have lent their name to famous record and computer companies. However, apples are unlike almost every other fruit in that there are thousan…
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Seventy percent of the Earth’s surface is covered with water… and the vast majority of it is useless for consumption or agriculture. This problem has been known for thousands of years, and for thousands of years, humans have recognized that it is possible to turn seawater into drinking water; it was just difficult to do so. In the last few decades,…
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We are all familiar with things that fly in the air. Hot air balloons, dirigibles, blimps, airplanes, and helicopters. However, there is another category of flying craft that most people aren’t familiar with. It isn’t an airplane, and it isn’t a helicopter. It actually lies somewhere in between. By combining parts of both, it has some amazing prope…
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If you take a look at the periodic table of elements, you will notice something interesting. Go to the bottom and take a look at any element over, say, number 94. You will find a bunch of elements you have probably never heard of. Don’t worry because most chemists probably aren’t familiar with them, either. They are not part of any chemical compoun…
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In 1818, the man who would go on to become one of the greatest leaders in the cause against American slavery was himself born into slavery. At the age of 20, he escaped bondage and went on to lead one of the most remarkable careers of the 19th century. He led a multifaceted life, including becoming one of the era’s most notable orators, a newspaper…
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Colors are something that we are all familiar with. The colors are among the first things we teach children. What if I were to tell you not every culture has the same colors? By that, I don’t mean they have different words for colors, but some very basic colors have no words at all. For some reason, blue is the color that divides many cultures. ….A…
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In the summer of 1944, the Allied forces planned an audacious amphibious landing on the beaches of France. It involved hundreds of ships, over a hundred thousand men, and meticulous planning. Those who landed would face fierce resistance from entrenched German forces. …and I am not talking about D-Day and the invasion of Normandy. Learn about Opera…
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If you are listening to me speak these words and can understand what I’m saying, then you are a human being. If you are a human being, you are also a mammal, and if you are a mammal, you have hair….or at least the biological capability to produce hair. But why exactly do we have hair? What function does it serve? Why do we have less than other anim…
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In the year 1800, the last year of the 18th century, the world was on the precipice of radical change. The scientific revolution, the agricultural revolution, and the industrial revolution had all begun, but were yet to hit full swing. There were also literal revolutions afoot. Countries began overthrowing their leaders or colonial masters, a trend…
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One of the most critical developments in the course of human history was the control of fire. Without fire, we probably wouldn’t have even reached the Stone Age, let alone the Industrial Age. But how exactly did ancient people make fire? To make fire out of nothing is no easy feat, and it was a skill that had to be mastered for survival. Learn more…
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One of the most popular sports in North America and Northern Europe is ice hockey. Ice hockey, like all popular sports, has undergone considerable changes since its inception. In fact, hockey has a rather surprising origin and a relationship to other sports that many people are unaware of. Today, professional hockey is a multibillion-dollar busines…
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Over the years, human life expectancy has increased dramatically. While there have been many developments that have led to longer human lifespans, most of that has come from just a few major advancements. One of the biggest of which has been the development of surgery. The types of surgical procedures that exist today are just the latest in a long …
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On the morning of August 27, 1883, one of the most destructive natural disasters of the 19th century occurred between the islands of Java and Sumatra, in what is today the nation of Indonesia. After weeks of low-level rumblings, a volcanic eruption totally obliterated the mountain that it had formed. The devastation wasn’t limited to the immediate …
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Located in the Pearl River Delta, off the coast of the mainland of the People’s Republic of China, is Macau. Macau is often overlooked due to its larger neighbor, Hong Kong, but Macau, despite being similar, has had its own unique history. What began as a fishing village evolved into a major trading port, and in the 21st century, it has become one …
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Catherine the Great was one of the most influential rulers in Russian history, transforming the Russian Empire into a major European power through territorial expansion, internal reforms, and cultural patronage. Her reign marked the pinnacle of Enlightened Absolutism in Russia, as she embraced Western philosophical ideals while consolidating autocr…
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One of the most significant developments in the history of naval warfare was the submarine. The submarine offered a means of stealth and surprise that surface ships couldn’t compete with. At first, navigating submarines was relatively simple, as they traveled just below the surface and used a snorkel and a periscope. However, as submarines improved…
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Every single rocket that has ever been launched into space has been a rocket that burned some sort of fuel. These chemical fuel rockets have worked well for making the short trip to orbit. Beyond that point, however, they are not necessarily the best option for space travel. There are a host of proposed methods for space travel that don’t involve r…
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One of the most popular foods around the world is the hamburger. If most people think of American foods, it is probably the first thing that they might think of. Hamburgers are pretty simple in terms of what they are composed of and how they are prepared, but they have developed an enormous amount of diversity. But where did this popular food origi…
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In April 1945, in the last days of the war in Europe, everything was falling apart for the Third Reich. Adolf Hitler and his closest advisors holed up in a bunker in Berlin and issued delusional orders until the Russians arrived. Hitler, his wife, and other high ranking Nazi officials took their own lives rather than be captured. However, what happ…
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In the 13th century, the Republic of Venice was one of the leading merchant empires in Europe. The merchants from Venice traveled far and wide in pursuit of profit. A few of them, however, traveled very far. A small group of men from the same family made the extremely long and dangerous voyage to China during the reign of the Mongol Empire. The res…
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On December 8, 1941, as the Japanese were bombing Pearl Harbor, they were simultaneously attacking other Allied positions around Asia. One of the biggest attacks was on Manila and the Philippines and the Filipino and American forces on the island of Luzon. Filipino and American forces ended up surrendering, which began one of the most brutal and ho…
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One of the most important markets in the global economy is the bond market. The bond market doesn’t get as much attention as the market for stocks. Yet, the global market for bonds is actually larger than the total value of all publicly traded stocks. Moreover, bond markets have the power to influence policy and possibly even topple governments. Le…
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Every year, on the last Monday in May, the United States honors its war dead. It is often celebrated with parades, cookouts, and ceremonies at military cemeteries. While many people just think of it as a three-day weekend and the beginning of summer, it is a tradition that extends back over 160 years. From its 19th-century origins, its path to beco…
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In 1610, a European astronomer used a new invention called the telescope to observe the planet Jupiter. What he found revolutionized the science of astronomy and our entire understanding of the universe. Galileo also observed Jupiter that same year. The observation of Jupiter led to the discovery of the first objects in the solar system since antiq…
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The First and Second Banks of the United States
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After the American Revolution, the United States economy was in trouble. One solution proposed to solve the crisis was the establishment of a national bank. The bank wasn’t just an economic issue; it also sparked one of the first constitutional debates in the nation’s history. Fast-forward several decades, and the United States found itself debatin…
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How Much Did Rome and Sub-Saharan Africa Know About Each Other?
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The Romans were familiar with Africa. At one point, they controlled everything on the north coast of Africa from Morocco to Egypt. However, below their African territories was the vast Sahara Desert, which was extremely difficult to cross. For all practical purposes, it served as a permeable barrier between the people above and below the desert. As…
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For centuries, the English Channel served as a moat that kept the conflicts of Continental Europe away from the island of Great Britain. While it served as a barrier for armies, it also served as a hindrance to commerce. The movement of goods and people across the English Channel was much more difficult than he small distance that had to be crossed…
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