Podcast Description: The Conquest of Cold — A Chronological Journey Through Low-Temperature Science

Explore the extraordinary transformation of cold from a mere human sensation into a precise, measurable cornerstone of modern science and technology. This episode chronicles over three centuries of relentless discovery, revealing how pioneering minds—from Galileo’s thermoscope to Onnes’s liquefaction of helium—have relentlessly pushed the boundaries of temperature measurement and control.

Journey through the milestones that shaped our understanding of heat and energy, including the overthrow of the Caloric Theory by Rumford and Joule, and the formulation of thermodynamics laws by Carnot, Clausius, and Kelvin. Witness the thrilling experimental race to liquefy “permanent” gases and unlock the secrets of absolute zero, culminating in breakthroughs that sparked the quantum revolution and reshaped physics forever.

From the invention of the thermometer to the industrialisation of refrigeration by Linde and Claude, discover how these scientific triumphs laid the foundations for technologies that revolutionise daily life—from cold storage and medical MRI machines to quantum computing frontiers.

What you’ll uncover in this episode:

• The birth of temperature measurement and the universal scales that followed
• How heat was redefined as energy through pivotal experiments
• The fundamental laws mapping the ultimate limits of cold
• The historic race to liquefy every gas, from oxygen to helium
• The leap from laboratory marvels to industrial-scale refrigeration
• The enduring legacy connecting low-temperature science to modern technology and quantum physics

Press play to trace the captivating relay of knowledge that turned cold from a mystery into a masterable force shaping our world today—and beyond.

Keywords: Low-temperature science, thermodynamics, heat energy, absolute zero, gas liquefaction, cryogenics pioneers, refrigeration history, quantum physics origins

Note: generated used own article and NotebookLM