Emma Haddad, Chief Executive of St Mungo’s, provides a clear and thoughtful examination of homelessness in England and the work being done to respond to it. St Mungo’s, established in 1969, supports around 25,000 people each year through outreach, housing, and recovery services. Haddad explains that homelessness is not simply about lacking shelter, but often about a deeper set of issues that require long-term solutions. The organization’s mission reflects this broader understanding, aiming not just to house people, but to help them rebuild their lives.

She clarifies the distinction between rough sleeping and other forms of homelessness. Rough sleeping refers to people sleeping on the streets, while many more live in temporary arrangements such as cars, hostels, or friends’ homes. Although rough sleeping is more visible, it represents only part of the wider issue. According to Haddad, rough sleeping in England has increased significantly in recent years, driven by a shortage of affordable housing, reduced access to support services, and a fragmented policy landscape.

Most of St Mungo’s staff work directly with clients. Outreach teams operate at night or in the early morning, locating and engaging with individuals sleeping rough. These teams aim to build trust, assess needs, and help people move off the streets and into more stable environments. The process is often slow and dependent on available accommodation, individual readiness to engage, and local capacity. When space allows, people may be taken to assessment centers where more structured support begins.

The conversation also highlights the role of public services and partnerships. St Mungo’s collaborates closely with mental health providers, addiction services, the NHS, local councils, and other charities. Haddad emphasizes that homelessness cannot be solved by any one organization. Rather, it requires cooperation across many sectors, each contributing their expertise.

The episode also touches on the limits of the current system. One example is the requirement that someone must be seen sleeping rough in order to qualify for certain services, a policy that particularly disadvantages women and others who avoid visible street sleeping for safety reasons. Haddad describes this as a clear gap that needs to be addressed.

From a policy perspective, St Mungo’s uses its frontline experience to advocate for changes at a national level. Haddad points to specific challenges such as the way housing benefits interact with employment, often discouraging people from working more hours due to a sudden drop in support. She also notes the need to adjust housing benefit levels so they reflect actual rental costs, and to prevent people from being discharged into homelessness from prisons, hospitals, or the immigration system.

The discussion concludes with a focus on outcomes. While some clients do return to homelessness after a period of stability, many others succeed in moving on and rebuilding their lives. Some even return to St Mungo’s as staff or volunteers. Haddad notes that this kind of personal transformation often stems from small but meaningful interventions at critical moments. She encourages the public not to look away from homelessness, and reminds listeners that treating people with dignity and recognizing their humanity is a simple but important step.

Homelessness, she argues, is not inevitable. It is the result of choices that can be changed. Everyone deserves a safe place to live, and solutions are within reach.

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