The Divine Comedy, written by Dante Alighieri between 1308 and 1321, is an epic poem considered one of the greatest works of Western literature. Composed during Dante’s exile from Florence due to political conflicts between the Guelphs and Ghibellines, it reflects his personal struggles, theological convictions, and critique of contemporary society. Written in the Tuscan vernacular, it elevated Italian as a literary language. The poem narrates Dante’s allegorical journey through Hell (Inferno), Purgatory (Purgatorio), and Paradise (Paradiso), guided by Virgil and Beatrice, exploring themes of sin, redemption, and divine love. Set notionally in 1300, it weaves medieval Christian theology, classical philosophy, and political commentary into a vivid, structured vision of the afterlife.