Learning Through Building The Black Python Devs Community The Real Python podcast

1:04:47

What goes into scaling a web application today? What are resources for learning and practicing DevOps skills? This week on the show, Calvin Hendryx-Parker is back to discuss the tools and infrastructure for autoscaling web applications with Kubernetes and Karpenter. Calvin is the co-founder and CTO of Six Feet Up, a Python and AI consultancy. He shares how they recently helped a client scale a web application that employs video, audio, and chat sessions. We dig deep into the tooling behind modern Kubernetes systems management and performance monitoring. Calvin shares a project bootstrap tool for streamlining the development and deployment of a web application. The tool includes a complete blueprint for the infrastructure needed to get started. We also dig into a collection of coding tools Calvin has been experimenting with. We discuss his recent IndyPy presentation, “Battle of the Bots,” which put several AI code assistants through their paces. This episode is sponsored by AMD. Course Spotlight: First Steps With LangChain Large language models (LLMs) have taken the world by storm. In this step-by-step video course, you’ll learn to use the LangChain library to build LLM-assisted applications. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:23 – Scaling a Django project using Kubernetes 00:05:35 – Elastic Kubernets Service (EKS) 00:09:10 – Kubernetes terminology and improvements in tooling 00:11:29 – The Control Plane and the API 00:14:06 – Video Course Spotlight 00:15:11 – scaf: providing DevOps engineers a blueprint for new projects 00:17:21 – What have been the benefits of scaf for internal teams? 00:20:18 – How do you identify and reproduce scaling issues? 00:22:44 – Dealing with IP address scaling 00:26:03 – Why use other observability tools beyond AWS internal ones? 00:29:22 – Other lessons learned and moving toward refactoring code 00:33:53 – Scaling a voice-based LLM application 00:35:35 – Sponsor: AMD 00:36:11 – Looking at limitations and bottlenecks 00:38:08 – Configuring a Kubernetes operator to act on itself 00:39:47 – What project components are within a pod of containers? 00:42:31 – Budgeting for scale using Karpenter 00:43:58 – Tools for running containers locally 00:46:01 – Are containers still a primary development tool for you? 00:50:58 – Resources for learning DevOps and Kubernetes 00:52:54 – Conferences and talks 00:53:56 – Battle of the Bots: comparing coding agents 00:55:15 – What are you excited about in the world of Python? 00:56:20 – What do you want to learn next? 01:02:42 – What’s the best way for people to follow your work online? 01:03:33 – Thanks and goodbye Show Links: Six Feet Up - Python and AI for Good, Custom Software Development Kubernetes - Tutorials Managed Kubernetes Service - Amazon EKS - AWS Karpenter Kustomize - Kubernetes native configuration management Kubernetes Components - Control Plane Components Continuous Integration and Deployment for Python With GitHub Actions Argo CD scaf: Provides developers and DevOps engineers with a complete blueprint for a new project Streamline the Dev Experience with Kubernetes and Scaf™ Scaf™ — Six Feet Up Scaf: Complete blueprint for new Python Kubernetes projects - Talk Python To Me Podcast E496 kind Locust - A modern load testing framework Grafana: The open and composable observability platform Grafana Loki OSS - Log aggregation system Prometheus - client_python Elastic network interfaces - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud eks-node-viewer: EKS Node Viewer k9s: 🐶 Kubernetes CLI To Manage Your Clusters In Style! OrbStack · Fast, light, simple Docker & Linux NixOS Wiki - Python TechWorld with Nana - YouTube Python: The Documentary [OFFICIAL TRAILER] - YouTube Calvin Hendryx-Parker - LinkedIn Conferences and Meetups: All Things Open 2025 - All Things Open All Things Open AI Conference All Things Open AI 2025 - AI Builders Track - YouTube Rolling out Enterprise AI: Tools, Insights, & Team Empowerment - Calvin Hendryx-Parker, Six Feet Up - YouTube PyCon US 2025 - PyCon US 2025 PyOhio 2025 IndyPy Events AI Coding Tools: Battle of the Bots - Developer Tools Showdown - YouTube Aider - AI Pair Programming in Your Terminal codename goose An entirely open-source AI code assistant inside your editor - Ollama Blog Devstral - Mistral AI 10 LLM Observability Tools to Know in 2025 - Coralogix How often do LLMs snitch? Recreating Theo’s SnitchBench with LLM The lethal trifecta for AI agents: private data, untrusted content, and external communication vllm-proxy: Proxy for vLLM enabling multi-model operation, cache-aware routing, and load balancing. Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Python Continuous Integration and Deployment Using GitHub Actions First Steps With LangChain Managing Dependencies With Python Poetry Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Starting With Marimo Notebooks & Python App Config Management 51:41

7 days ago51:41

51:41

Looking for a guide on getting started with Marimo notebooks? How do you build a reproducible notebook for sharing or create a dashboard with interactive UI elements? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week, bringing another batch of PyCoder’s Weekly articles and projects. We cover a recent Real Python article by Ian Eyre about using Marimo notebooks. The tutorial covers installing Marimo, taking advantage of reactivity, building interactive dashboards, and managing a notebook’s environment through sandboxing. The piece ends by examining the limitations of traditional linear notebooks and how Marimo addresses them. Christopher discusses an article about how to store the configurations for your Python scripts and projects. Whether you’re managing resource handles to a database, deployment variables, or credentials to external services, you’ll need a way to save and load the details into your Python project. The piece compares saving configurations in several common file formats or through environment variables. We also share several other articles and projects from the Python community, including a news roundup, the discourse between generative AI coding proponents and detractors, catching memory leaks with your test suite, epigrams on programming, a command line tool to check packages on PyPI, and a collection of string, file, and object utilities. This episode is sponsored by Six Feet Up. Course Spotlight: Python Continuous Integration and Deployment Using GitHub Actions With most software following agile methodologies, it’s essential to have robust DevOps systems in place to manage, maintain, and automate common tasks with a continually changing codebase. By using GitHub Actions, you can automate your workflows efficiently, especially for Python projects. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:44 – Python Release 3.14.0b2 00:03:09 – Django security releases issued: 5.2.2, 5.1.10, and 4.2.22 00:03:27 – PyBay 2025 00:03:43 – PyCon NL 2025 - Call for Proposals 00:04:05 – Django Forum: Supporting t-strings 00:04:44 – Ruff Users: What Rules Are You Using and What Are You Ignoring? 00:05:19 – My Shot at Real Python 00:06:03 – My AI Skeptic Friends Are All Nuts 00:10:06 – I Think I’m Done Thinking About genAI For Now 00:11:12 – AI Changes Everything 00:23:01 – Video Course Spotlight 00:24:14 – Configuration of Python Applications 00:29:15 – Marimo: A Reactive, Reproducible Notebook 00:35:15 – Sponsor: Six Feet Up 00:36:02 – Catching memory leaks with your test suite 00:41:45 – Epigrams on Programming 00:46:54 – whatsonpypi: Check PyPI From the Command Line 00:48:18 – strif: String, File, and Object Utilities 00:49:44 – PyCoder’s Weekly - Submit a Link 00:50:13 – Thanks and goodbye News: Python Release 3.14.0b2 Django security releases issued: 5.2.2, 5.1.10, and 4.2.22 PyBay 2025 PyCon NL 2025 - Call for Proposals Django Forum: Supporting t-strings Ruff Users: What Rules Are You Using and What Are You Ignoring? My Shot at Real Python – Amanda has recently written her first article for Real Python and this post talks about her experience doing so. If you want to check out the article, it’s on Nested Loops . Show Links: My AI Skeptic Friends Are All Nuts I Think I’m Done Thinking About genAI For Now AI Changes Everything AI Blog Comparison - Armin Ronacher Configuration of Python Applications – This post talks about how to store configuration for your script and how and when to load the information into your program. Marimo: A Reactive, Reproducible Notebook – Discover how marimo notebook simplifies coding with reactive updates, UI elements, and sandboxing for safe, sharable notebooks. Catching memory leaks with your test suite – “If you have a good test suite, you may be able to use pytest fixtures to identify memory and other resource leaks.” Discussion: Epigrams on Programming Alan Perlis - Wikipedia Projects: whatsonpypi: Check PyPI From the Command Line strif: String, File, and Object Utilities Additional Links: Episode #238: Charlie Marsh: Accelerating Python Tooling With Ruff and uv Episode #250: DjangoCon Europe 2025: Live Recording From Dublin Episode #236: Simon Willison: Using LLMs for Python Development GenAI Criticism and Moral Quandaries - Armin Ronacher Math support in Markdown - The GitHub Blog Quiz: Marimo: A Reactive, Reproducible Notebook Episode #42: What Is Data Engineering and Researching 10 Million Jupyter Notebooks We Downloaded 10,000,000 Jupyter Notebooks From Github – This Is What We Learned Episode #230: marimo: Reactive Notebooks and Deployable Web Apps in Python Episode #501 - Marimo - Reactive Notebooks for Python - Talk Python To Me Podcast Episode #24: Options for Packaging Your Python Application: Wheels, Docker, and More - Itamar Turner-Trauring Episode #128: Using a Memory Profiler in Python & What It Can Teach You Episode #172: Measuring Multiple Facets of Python Performance With Scalene PyCoder’s Weekly - Submit a Link Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Python Continuous Integration and Deployment Using GitHub Actions Python mmap: Doing File I/O With Memory Mapping Testing Your Code With pytest Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Rodrigo Girão Serrão: Python Training, itertools, and Idioms 1:02:49

14 days ago1:02:49

1:02:49

Once you’ve learned the vocabulary and syntax of the Python language, how do you progress into learning the right combinations to put into your code? How can Python’s built-in itertools library enhance your skills? This week on the show, we speak with Rodrigo Girão Serrão about teaching Python through his blog and his passion for the itertools library. We discuss Rodrigo’s different approaches to writing on his blog. He likes to document smaller concepts about Python and building code in his “Today I Learned” series. He’s also been collecting advice about the best way to use core Python features in another series called “Pydon’ts.” We cover his recent PyCon US tutorial about the built-in itertools module. The functions contained in the module create iterators for efficient looping. We discuss the categories of tools inside the collection and ways to simplify your code. We also explore the concept of vocabulary versus idioms in writing. Idioms are a group of words that hold a symbolic meaning that goes beyond the literal meaning of the individual words. We dig into how that applies to learning Python and building a personal collection of programming idioms. This episode is sponsored by AMD. Course Spotlight: Working With Missing Data in Polars In this video course, you’ll learn how to deal with missing data in Polars to ensure it doesn’t interfere with your data analysis. You’ll discover how to check for missing values, update them, and remove them. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:34 – Creating Polars video course 00:03:27 – How did you start programming and teaching Python? 00:04:59 – Where did mathspp come from? 00:05:38 – Exploring math and programming in university 00:07:48 – Learning APL 00:09:24 – What goes into building the blog? 00:15:05 – The Pydon’ts and writing books 00:18:37 – PyCon US 2025 00:20:46 – Sponsor: AMD 00:21:23 – Teaching a tutorial about itertools 00:28:58 – Categorizing itertools 00:40:39 – Video Course Spotlight 00:41:55 – The difference between me and Shakespeare 00:46:51 – Learning and practicing with idioms 00:51:01 – TIL and asking questions 00:53:54 – What are you excited about in the world of Python? 00:55:40 – What do you want to learn next? 00:57:35 – How can people follow your work online? 01:01:19 – Thanks and goodbye Show Links: mathspp blog TIL (Today I Learned) - mathspp Working With Missing Data in Polars Paul Valéry - “A poem is never finished” - Oxford Reference Personal highlights of PyCon US 2025 - mathspp PyCon US 2025 Lightning Talks - Friday, May 16th, 2025 PM - YouTube PyCon US 2025 Tutorial Sneak Peek: “Reimplement itertools for fun & profit” Rodrigo Girão Serrão - YouTube Alan Perlis - Wikipedia Epigrams on Programming What learning APL taught me about Python - mathspp What APL taught me about Python ⚡️ – lightning talk by Rodrigo Girão Serrão at EuroPython 2023 - YouTube itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping — Python 3.13.4 documentation Module itertools overview - mathspp The little book of itertools - mathspp Python itertools By Example – Real Python What’s new in Python 3.14 — Python 3.15.0a0 documentation beehiiv — The newsletter platform built for growth Python drops 🐍💧 newsletter - mathspp Books - mathspp Rodrigo Girão Serrão 🐍🚀 (@mathspp.com) — Bluesky Rodrigo Girão Serrão - LinkedIn Rodrigo 🐍🚀 (@mathsppblog@fosstodon.org) - Fosstodon Rodrigo 🐍🚀 (@mathsppblog) / X Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Efficient Iterations With Python Iterators and Iterables Working With Python Polars Working With Missing Data in Polars Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Python Thread Safety & Managing Projects With uv 34:48

21 days ago34:48

34:48

What are the ways you can manage multithreaded code in Python? What synchronization techniques are available within Python’s threading module? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week, bringing another batch of PyCoder’s Weekly articles and projects. Christopher discusses his recent Real Python video course about thread safety. The course provides a quick overview of race conditions and how to use locks in your code. It then goes on to share a collection of additional synchronization primitives to make your code thread-safe. We dig into a tutorial by Leodanis Pozo Ramos about managing Python projects with uv. The tutorial shows you how to quickly initialize a project, build the directory structure, add dependencies, and publish your package while practicing the commands inside uv. We also share several other articles and projects from the Python community, including a news roundup, unraveling t-strings, what’s new in pip 25.1, an SVG-first plotting library, and a data modeling tool built on top of Polars and Pydantic. Course Spotlight: Thread Safety in Python: Locks and Other Techniques In this video course, you’ll learn about the issues that can occur when your code is run in a multithreaded environment. Then you’ll explore the various synchronization primitives available in Python’s threading module, such as locks, which help you make your code safe. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:23 – PEP 773: A Python Installation Manager for Windows 00:03:09 – PEP 784: Adding Zstandard to the Standard Library 00:03:28 – Python Insider: Python 3.14.0 Beta 1 Is Here! 00:03:48 – Django Security Releases Issued: 5.2.1, 5.1.9 and 4.2.2 00:04:09 – ty: New Type Checker and Language Server by Astral 00:05:01 – pyrefly: A Fast Type Checker and IDE for Python 00:06:03 – The Future of Textualize 00:07:08 – Managing Python Projects With uv 00:12:20 – pre-commit: Install With uv 00:13:03 – Python’s New t-strings 00:16:38 – Unraveling t-strings 00:18:33 – Video Course Spotlight 00:19:50 – What’s New in Pip 25.1 00:24:30 – Thread Safety in Python: Locks and Other Techniques 00:28:40 – glyphx: SVG-first Plotting Library 00:31:20 – patito: A data modeling layer built on top of Polars and Pydantic 00:34:02 – Thanks and goodbye News: PEP 773: A Python Installation Manager for Windows (Accepted) PEP 784: Adding Zstandard to the Standard Library (Accepted) Python Insider: Python 3.14.0 Beta 1 Is Here! Django Security Releases Issued: 5.2.1, 5.1.9 and 4.2.21 ty: New Type Checker and Language Server by Astral pyrefly: A Fast Type Checker and IDE for Python The Future of Textualize – Will McGugan, founder of Textualize the company has announced that they will be closing their doors. Textualize the open source project will remain. Show Links: Managing Python Projects With uv – In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to create and manage your Python projects using uv, an extremely fast Python package and project manager written in Rust. pre-commit : Install With uv – pre-commit is Adam’s favorite Git-integrated “run things on commit” tool. It acts as a kind of package manager, installing tools as necessary from their Git repositories. This post explains how to use it with uv . Python’s New t-strings – Using f-strings is a readable way of building output, but there are situations where they can’t be used because the contents need to be verified before being string-ified. The new t-strings, coming in 3.14, are a solution to this problem. Unraveling t-strings – PEP 750 introduced t-strings for Python 3.14. These are a template string mechanism similar to f-strings. Although they are in 3.14.0b1, there isn’t any documentation yet, so this post explains what they are how they can be used. What’s New in Pip 25.1 – pip 25.1 introduces support for Dependency Groups (PEP 735), resumable downloads, and an installation progress bar. Dependency resolution has also received a raft of bugfixes and improvements. Thread Safety in Python: Locks and Other Techniques – In this video course, you’ll learn about the issues that can occur when your code is run in a multithreaded environment. Then you’ll explore the various synchronization primitives available in Python’s threading module, such as locks, which help you make your code safe. Projects: glyphx: SVG-first Plotting Library JakobGM/patito: A data modeling layer built on top of Polars and Pydantic Additional Links: Episode #238: Charlie Marsh: Accelerating Python Tooling With Ruff and uv pgjones/sql-tstring: SQL-tString allows for f-string like construction of sql queries PEP 787: Safer Subprocess Usage Using t-strings (Postponed to 3.15) davepeck/pep750-examples: Examples of using t-strings as defined in PEP 750 xkcd: Exploits of a Mom Little Bobby Tables - explain xkcd Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Threading in Python Thread Safety in Python: Locks and Other Techniques Python Basics Exercises: Installing Packages With pip Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
DjangoCon Europe 2025: Live Recording From Dublin 57:19

28 days ago57:19

57:19

What goes into making video courses at Real Python? How should you build an installable Django application? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week, bringing another batch of PyCoder’s Weekly articles and projects. This week, the Real Python Podcast is experiencing several firsts. We recorded a show in front of a live audience for the very first time, and it happened in Dublin, Ireland—a place neither of us had visited before. I also got to meet Christopher Trudeau in person for the first time. We’re sharing that live recording from the conference in this episode. We discuss how we create video courses at Real Python, and Christopher talks about his tutorial on how to write an installable Django application. We also share a few summaries of the talks from the conference and projects from the Django community, including a news roundup, how decisions are made inside the Django Foundation, ways you can help with reviews, using the Django ORM with Marimo notebooks, maintaining a data-oriented project, how to get foreign keys horribly wrong, a project for simple deployment, and a project for adding extra buttons inside the Django Admin. We would like to thank the audience members from Ireland who heard about DjangoCon by listening to the podcast. Thank you for attending the conference and for taking the time to say hello. We also appreciate those who asked us insightful questions at the end of the show. We enjoyed exploring Dublin and recording the show in front of such a welcoming audience. We learned a ton from all the great talks given at the conference and made some new connections for future interviews. This episode is sponsored by AMD. Course Spotlight: How to Set Up a Django Project In this course, you’ll learn the necessary steps that you’ll need to take to set up a new Django project. You’ll learn the basic setup for any new Django project, which needs to happen before programming the specific functionality of your project. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:03:59 – PEP 770 – Improving measurability of Python packages with Software Bill-of-Materials 00:04:22 – PEP 736 – Shorthand syntax for keyword arguments at invocation 00:04:46 – PEP 661 – Sentinel Values 00:05:21 – Pydantic v2.11 Released 00:05:41 – How We Build Video Courses at Real Python 00:17:17 – Sponsor: AMD 00:17:56 – How to Write an Installable Django App 00:22:21 – Attendees from Ireland who heard about the conference from us 00:23:09 – Django needs you! (to do code review) 00:24:12 – How we make decisions in Django 00:26:07 – Marimo: Sharing the joys of the Django ORM with Python Notebooks 00:27:30 – Steering Council Introduction 00:28:17 – Video Course Spotlight 00:29:45 – Data-Oriented Django Drei 00:31:04 – How to get Foreign Keys horribly wrong in Django 00:32:17 – Converting integer fields to bigint using Django migrations at scale 00:33:17 – django-simple-deploy 00:34:57 – django-admin-extra-buttons 00:37:51 – What goes into creating the podcast? 00:44:04 – How does RP decide what Learning Paths to create? 00:48:30 – Python background when starting with a framework 00:54:46 – Django getting started resources at Real Python 00:55:34 – Thanks and goodbye News: PEP 770 – Improving measurability of Python packages with Software Bill-of-Materials (Accepted) PEP 736 – Shorthand syntax for keyword arguments at invocation (Rejected) PEP 661 – Sentinel Values (Deferred) Pydantic v2.11 Released Show Links: DjangoCon Europe 2025 How We Build Video Courses at Real Python How to Write an Installable Django App – Real Python Django needs you! (to do code review) - Sarah Boyce How we make decisions in Django - Carlton Gibson Marimo and Jupyter: Sharing the joys of the Django ORM with Python Notebooks - Chris Adams Steering Council Introduction- Emma Delescholle Data-Oriented Django Drei - Adam Johnson How to get Foreign Keys horribly wrong in Django - Haki Benita Turn back time: Converting integer fields to bigint using Django migrations at scale - Tim Bell Projects: django-simple-deploy - readthedocs django-admin-extra-buttons - PyPI Additional Links: django-awl Episode #230: marimo: Reactive Notebooks and Deployable Web Apps in Python marimo - a next-generation Python notebook Data-Oriented Django - Adam Johnson - YouTube - DjangoCon 2022 Data Oriented Django Deux - Adam Johnson - YouTube - DjangoCon Europe 2024 Episode #165: Leveraging the Features of Your Database With Postgres and Python pgMustard - review Postgres query plans quickly Django Chat Django for Data Science: Deploying Machine Learning Models with Django - William Vincent Episode #500 - Django Simple Deploy and other DevOps Things - Talk Python To Me Podcast Episode #234: Building New Structures for Learning Python Reference – Real Python Django for Web Development (Learning Path) – Real Python Getting Started With Django: Building a Portfolio App – Video Course Your First Steps With Django: Set Up a Django Project – Tutorial Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Getting Started With Django: Building a Portfolio App Sneaky REST APIs With Django Ninja How to Set Up a Django Project Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Going Beyond requirements.txt With pylock.toml and PEP 751 1:31:46

5 weeks ago1:31:46

1:31:46

What is the best way to record the Python dependencies for the reproducibility of your projects? What advantages will lock files provide for those projects? This week on the show, we welcome back Python Core Developer Brett Cannon to discuss his journey to bring PEP 751 and the pylock.toml file format to the community. Brett has been working on a way to move beyond the requirements.txt file for over six years. He was on the show previously to discuss his work on PEP 665, which was rejected. He decided to continue to push forward, authoring PEP 751 last year, which was accepted at the end of March this year. The PEP calls for a new file format to record your project’s dependencies. The goal was to have a standardized immutable record for what should be installed to reproduce your project in a virtual environment. He discusses working with other packaging projects and the compromises involved in creating a standard. Course Spotlight: Using the Python subprocess Module In this video course, you’ll learn how to use Python’s subprocess module to run and control external programs from your scripts. You’ll start with launching basic processes and progress to interacting with them as they execute. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:38 – Brett’s roles within the Python community 00:05:41 – How to move beyond requirement.txt? 00:10:58 – What does the community use as project artifacts? 00:15:28 – Building on the success of pyproject.toml 00:17:44 – Introducing PEP 665 00:19:49 – Software Bills of Materials and security 00:25:20 – Back to lock files and security 00:31:08 – Video Course Spotlight 00:32:27 – Not giving up on the idea 00:34:01 – Leading into PEP 751 00:38:54 – Working toward a single multi-platform file 00:43:02 – The final push 00:48:54 – Leaving room for flexibility 00:53:50 – And it’s done, PEP 751 accepted unconditionally 00:58:06 – Keynote speaker at EuroPython 2025 00:58:45 – What are uv workspaces? 01:01:02 – Considering the use of lock files in data science 01:05:23 – Updates about Python for WASI and Emscripten 01:13:51 – Clarification on WASI 01:20:28 – Future conversation about Python launcher 01:23:04 – What are you excited about in the world of Python? 01:24:25 – What do you want to learn next? 01:28:41 – What’s the best way to follow your work online? 01:31:00 – Thanks and goodbye Show Links: Tall, Snarky Canadian BREAKING: Guido van Rossum Returns as Python’s BDFL - YouTube Python Packaging User Guide PEP 751 – A file format to record Python dependencies for installation reproducibility PEP 665 – A file format to list Python dependencies for reproducibility of an application pylock.toml Specification - Python Packaging User Guide Inline script metadata - Python Packaging User Guide PEP 723 – Inline script metadata Using workspaces - uv Do you have a flag? - Eddie Izzard - YouTube OpenBLAS : An optimized BLAS library EuroPython 2025 - July 14 to 20, 2025 - Prague, Czech Republic & Remote Bytecode Alliance Recent conversations - Bytecode Alliance - Zulip My impressions of Gleam My impressions of ReScript Python on Exercism Brett Cannon’s Films - Letterboxd Media I Like - Open Source by Brett Cannon Brett Cannon (@snarky.ca) — Bluesky Brett Cannon (@brettcannon@fosstodon.org) - Fosstodon Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Python Basics Exercises: Installing Packages With pip Everyday Project Packaging With pyproject.toml Using the Python subprocess Module Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Experiments With Gen AI, Knowledge Graphs, Workflows, and Python 59:18

6 weeks ago59:18

59:18

Are you looking for some projects where you can practice your Python skills? Would you like to experiment with building a generative AI app or an automated knowledge graph sentiment analysis tool? This week on the show, we speak with Raymond Camden about his journey into Python, his work in developer relations, and the Python projects featured on his blog. Raymond is a developer evangelist and advocate who works with APIs, AI, and the web. He’s been expanding his developer knowledge by learning Python and documenting his journey through his blog and with the live-streaming show Code Break. We discuss a couple of his recent Python projects. The first is building a resume review and revision system with generative AI and Flask. The other project uses Diffbot’s knowledge graph and Pipedream’s workflow tools to create an automated sentiment analysis tool. This episode is sponsored by AMD. Course Spotlight: What Can You Do With Python? In this video course, you’ll find a set of guidelines that will help you start applying your Python skills to solve real-world problems. By the end, you’ll be able to answer the question, “What can you do with Python?” Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:03:15 – Programming background and learning Python 00:07:59 – What’s been hard about learning a new language? 00:09:26 – Learning pip, managing packages, and suggesting uv 00:12:26 – Developer relations and sharing knowledge 00:14:40 – Sponsor: AMD - AIatAMD 00:15:17 – Moving things from Code Break to the blog 00:17:27 – Building a resume review and revise system with Gen AI 00:31:58 – Video Course Spotlight 00:33:16 – Adding the revision step 00:35:59 – Exploring code assistance 00:38:52 – Changing into the developer relations role 00:41:40 – Using Diffbot and Pipedream for sentiment analysis project 00:48:06 – Pipedream workflow with Python scripts 00:53:28 – What are you excited about in the world of Python? 00:55:45 – What do you want to learn next? 00:57:45 – How can people follow your work online? 00:58:03 – Thanks and goodbye Show Links: Raymond Camden Code Break - CFE.dev Exploring AI with Gemini and Transformers.js - CFE.dev Building a Resume Review and Revise System with Generative AI and Flask Flask Quickstart - Flask Documentation Get a Gemini API key - Google AI for Developers Automating and Responding to Sentiment Analysis with Diffbot’s Knowledge Graph Diffbot - Knowledge Graph, AI Web Data Extraction and Crawling Python Posts - Raymond Camden (27 Posts) Pipedream - Connect APIs, AI, databases, and more Geolocating a Folder of Images with Python Mastering Google Fu: An Expert’s Guide To Advanced Search Techniques uv - Astral Managing Python Projects With uv: An All-in-One Solution – Real Python Episode #238: Charlie Marsh: Accelerating Python Tooling With Ruff and uv – The Real Python Podcast marimo - A next-generation Python notebook Episode #230: marimo: Reactive Notebooks and Deployable Web Apps in Python Drumeo - Reach your drumming goals Jess Bowen Hears Rage Against The Machine For The First Time - YouTube REAL ID - Homeland Security PyCon US 2025 Raymond Camden - LinkedIn Raymond Camden (@raymondcamden@mastodon.social) - Mastodon Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Creating a Scalable Flask Web Application From Scratch Python Basics: Installing Packages With pip What Can You Do With Python? Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Exploring DuckDB & Comparing Python Expressions vs Statements 52:01

9 weeks ago52:01

52:01

Are you looking for a fast database that can handle large datasets in Python? What’s the difference between a Python expression and a statement? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week, bringing another batch of PyCoder’s Weekly articles and projects. We cover a Real Python article that explores DuckDB and discuss creating a database by reading data from multiple file formats. When building queries, DuckDB uses standard SQL syntax, or for an object-oriented approach, you can chain methods together using the Python API. We also explore the advantages of lazy evaluation using DuckDB relations. Christopher digs into another Real Python tutorial that covers the differences between expressions and statements in Python. The piece goes beyond definitions to answer questions about where and when to use them in your code. We also share several other articles and projects from the Python community, including a news roundup, an investigation into the lack of security in MCP, a discussion on the differences between staff engineer and engineering manager roles, guidance on creating and modifying Word documents with Python, and a project to go beyond print for debugging your code. Check out realpython.com/workshops to join the upcoming cohort of the Intermediate Python Deep Dive course. Course Spotlight: Creating a Python Dice Roll Application In this step-by-step video course, you’ll build a dice-rolling simulator app with a minimal text-based user interface using Python. The app will simulate the rolling of up to six dice. Each individual die will have six sides. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:24 – Python 3.14.0a7, 3.13.3, 3.12.10, 3.11.12, 3.10.17 and 3.9.22 are now available 00:02:47 – PEP 768: Safe External Debugger Interface for CPython (Accepted) 00:03:16 – PEP 781: Make TYPE_CHECKING a Built-in Constant 00:03:43 – PEP 750: Template Strings (Accepted) 00:04:15 – PEP 751: A file format to record Python dependencies for installation reproducibility (Accepted) 00:05:20 – EuroPython July 14th-20th Prague, Tickets Available 00:05:42 – Django 5.2 Released 00:05:59 – Django security releases issued: 5.1.8 and 5.0.14 00:06:19 – Introducing DuckDB 00:12:19 – Expression vs Statement in Python: What’s the Difference? 00:17:11 – Video Course Spotlight 00:18:33 – The “S” in MCP Stands for Security 00:28:08 – Real Python Workshops 00:30:26 – Staff Engineer vs Engineering Manager 00:44:48 – python-docx: Create and modify Word documents with Python 00:47:28 – peek: like print, but easy 00:50:32 – Thanks and goodbye News: Python 3.14.0a7, 3.13.3, 3.12.10, 3.11.12, 3.10.17 and 3.9.22 are now available PEP 768: Safe External Debugger Interface for CPython (Accepted) PEP 781: Make TYPE_CHECKING a Built-in Constant – This PEP proposes adding a new built-in variable, TYPE_CHECKING, which is True when the code is being analyzed by a static type checker, and False during normal runtime. PEP 750: Template Strings (Accepted) – This PEP introduces template strings for custom string processing. PEP 751: A file format to record Python dependencies for installation reproducibility (Accepted) EuroPython July 14th-20th Prague, Tickets Available Django 5.2 Released Django security releases issued: 5.1.8 and 5.0.14 Topics: Introducing DuckDB – In this showcase tutorial, you’ll be introduced to a library that allows you to use a database in your code. DuckDB provides an efficient relational database that supports many features you may already be familiar with from more traditional relational database systems. Expression vs Statement in Python: What’s the Difference? – In this tutorial, you’ll explore the differences between an expression and a statement in Python. You’ll learn how expressions evaluate to values, while statements can cause side effects. You’ll also explore the gray areas between them, which will enhance your Python programming skills. The “S” in MCP Stands for Security - Elena Cross – Model Context Protocol is a new standard behind how Large Language Models integrate with tools and data. Unfortunately, MCP is not secure by default. Staff Engineer vs Engineering Manager - Alex Ewerlöf Notes – When do you need a Staff Engineers? What’s the difference between Staff Engineer and Engineering Manager? This article covers these questions and more. Projects: python-docx: Create and modify Word documents with Python peek: like print, but easy Additional Links: Intermediate Python Deep Dive Course – Real Python Episode #227: New PEPs: Template Strings & External Wheel Hosting DuckDB – An in-process SQL OLAP database management system Online analytical processing - Wikipedia Model Context Protocol has prompt injection security problems Model Context Protocol - Documentation modelcontextprotocol/python-sdk: The official Python SDK for Model Context Protocol servers and clients “Biggest commitment to a 3 second joke I’ve ever seen” — Bluesky Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Creating a Python Dice Roll Application Python Assignment Expressions and Using the Walrus Operator Debugging in Python With pdb Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Learning Intermediate Python With a Deep Dive Course 56:26

10 weeks ago56:26

56:26

Do you want to learn deeper concepts in Python? Would the accountability of scheduled group classes help you get past the basics? This week, five Real Python Intermediate Deep Dive workshop members discuss their experiences. We discuss the struggles of learning Python independently and the barriers to moving beyond the basics. We also explore the advantages of having a curated collection of both written tutorials and video courses. The cohort members also talk about filling in the gaps in their knowledge, using their new skills at work, and building confidence in their Python journey. Check out realpython.com/workshops to join the upcoming cohort of the Intermediate Python Deep Dive course. Course Spotlight: Efficient Iterations With Python Iterators and Iterables In this video course, you’ll learn what iterators and iterables are in Python. You’ll learn how they differ and when to use them in your code. You’ll also learn how to create your own iterators and iterables to make data processing more efficient. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:04 – Matt’s background 00:03:17 – Chris’ background 00:05:55 – Jerry’s background 00:07:40 – Akhil’s background 00:09:25 – Rich’s background 00:10:35 – What skills didn’t translate from the previous language? 00:11:54 – Learning deeper concepts about OOP in Python 00:15:42 – Moving beyond scripts and ability to read code 00:19:41 – How accountability helps with learning 00:23:41 – Challenges with self-paced learning 00:28:11 – Having a curated collection of written and video materials 00:33:28 – Video Course Spotlight 00:34:56 – What were surprising discoveries? 00:36:32 – Working on a project 00:37:27 – Using these new skills at work 00:45:01 – Refining existing skills 00:46:41 – Do you feel more confident to learn even further? 00:49:26 – What are other Python projects you work on? 00:55:17 – Thanks and goodbyes Show Links: Intermediate Python Deep Dive Course – Real Python Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python – Real Python Flipped classroom - Wikipedia itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping — Python 3.13.3 documentation Primer on Python Decorators – Real Python Pointers in Python: What’s the Point? Intern Objects – Real Python Data Classes in Python – Real Python Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Efficient Iterations With Python Iterators and Iterables Python's map() Function: Transforming Iterables Python Decorators 101 Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
GUIs & TUIs: Choosing a User Interface for Your Python Project 46:39

11 weeks ago46:39

46:39

What are the current Python graphical user interface libraries? Should you build everything in the terminal and create a text-based user interface instead? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week, bringing another batch of PyCoder’s Weekly articles and projects. We cover a Real Python article that explores the Textual library. Textual is a Python toolkit and framework for creating attractive and functional text-based user interface (TUI) applications that run in the user’s terminal. The tutorial covers organizing layouts of widgets, styling components, and handling events and user actions within an application. We continue our exploration of user interface options for your projects by discussing a recent article about Python GUI libraries. The piece compares the frameworks, showing a quick preview of how they look and sample code for a simple application. We share our thoughts and experiences with several of the libraries as we go through the collection. We also share several other articles and projects from the Python community, including a news roundup, handling binary data in Python, exploring the rules terminal programs follow, using Microsoft Edge’s online text-to-speech service from Python, and a project for reading and writing compressed JSON. Course Spotlight: Building a Code Image Generator With Python In this step-by-step video course, you’ll build a code image generator that creates nice-looking images of your code snippets to share on social media. Your code image generator will be powered by the Flask web framework and include exciting packages like Pygments and Playwright. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:16 – PyCon US: Travel Grants & Refund Policy 00:02:57 – PyCon US 2025 travel guidance? 00:03:32 – Faster Branch Coverage Measurement 00:04:11 – Python Release Python 3.14.0a6 00:04:21 – Django 5.2 Release Candidate 1 Released 00:04:30 – PyOhio July 26-27, Call for Papers 00:04:59 – PEP 779: Criteria for Supported Status for Free-Threaded Python 00:05:45 – Python Textual: Build Beautiful UIs in the Terminal 00:11:32 – Bytes Objects: Handling Binary Data in Python 00:16:41 – Video Course Spotlight 00:18:01 – Which Python GUI Library Should You Use in 2025? 00:32:08 – Real Python Workshops 00:34:23 – “Rules” That Terminal Programs Follow 00:40:29 – edge-tts: Use Microsoft Edge’s online text-to-speech service from Python 00:44:07 – compress_json: Read and Write Compressed JSON 00:45:34 – Thanks and goodbye News: PyCon US: Travel Grants & Refund Policy – PyCon US offers travel grants to visitors. This post explains how they’re decided. Also, with changing border requirements in the US, you may also be interested in the Refund Policy for International Attendees . PyCon US 2025 travel guidance? - PSF / Ask the staff! - Discussions on Python.org Faster Branch Coverage Measurement – After nearly two years, Ned thinks this is finally ready: coverage.py can use sys.monitoring to more efficiently measure branch coverage. Python Release Python 3.14.0a6 Django 5.2 Release Candidate 1 Released PyOhio July 26-27, Call for Papers PEP 779: Criteria for Supported Status for Free-Threaded Python – PEP 703 (Making the Global Interpreter Lock Optional in CPython), described three phases of development. This PEP outlines the criteria to move between phases. Show Links: Python Textual: Build Beautiful UIs in the Terminal – Textual is a Python library for building text-based user interfaces (TUIs) that support rich text, advanced layouts, and event-driven interactivity in the terminal. This tutorial showcases some of the ways you can design an appealing and engaging UI using Textual. Bytes Objects: Handling Binary Data in Python – In this tutorial, you’ll learn about Python’s bytes objects, which help you process low-level binary data. You’ll explore how to create and manipulate byte sequences in Python and how to convert between bytes and strings. Additionally, you’ll practice this knowledge by coding a few fun examples. Which Python GUI Library Should You Use in 2025? – This post compares the Python GUI libraries available in 2025, including PyQT, PySide, TKinter, and Kivy. “Rules” That Terminal Programs Follow – The conventions that most terminal programs follow mean that you can more easily know how to control them. Julia’s post talks about “rules” that terminal programs tend to follow, and so should yours. Projects: edge-tts: Use Microsoft Edge’s online text-to-speech service from Python WITHOUT needing Microsoft Edge or Windows or an API key compress_json: Read and Write Compressed JSON Additional Links: Intermediate Python Deep Dive Course – Real Python Episode #80: Make Your Python App Interactive With a Text User Interface (TUI) Build a Contact Book App With Python, Textual, and SQLite Binary, Bytes, and Bitwise Operators in Python – Video Course Nibble (magazine) - Wikipedia Python GUI Programming – Real Python Python GUI Programming With Tkinter – Tutorial Python and PyQt: Building a GUI Desktop Calculator – Tutorial Build Cross-Platform GUI Apps With Kivy – Tutorial How to Build a Python GUI Application With wxPython – Tutorial Episode #182: Building a Python JSON Parser & Discussing Ideas for PEPs Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) overview - Speech service - Azure AI services | Microsoft Learn Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Building a Python GUI Application With Tkinter Build a GUI Calculator With PyQt and Python Building a Code Image Generator With Python Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
A Decade of Automating the Boring Stuff With Python 1:06:01

13 weeks ago1:06:01

1:06:01

What goes into updating one of the most popular books about working with Python? After a decade of changes in the Python landscape, what projects, libraries, and skills are relevant to an office worker? This week on the show, we speak with previous guest Al Sweigart about the third edition of “Automate the Boring Stuff With Python.” Al shares his thoughts on teaching Python and writing books over the past decade. In this third edition, he shares several new projects and updates to existing ones. We discuss Python tools for transcription, text-to-speech, notifications, and data storage. We talk about the importance of debugging and improvements to Python error messages. He also shares a collection of resources, including conference talks, small projects, and Python libraries. Course Spotlight: Exploring Scopes and Closures in Python In this Code Conversation video course, you’ll take a deep dive into how scopes and closures work in Python. To do this, you’ll use a debugger to walk through some sample code, and then you’ll take a peek under the hood to see how Python holds variables internally. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:01:46 – The Recurse Center and scrollart.org 00:05:11 – Third Edition of Automate the Boring Stuff With Python 00:07:32 – The types of projects covered in the new edition 00:09:44 – What was the original page count? 00:11:00 – Learning Python and it being perceived as magic 00:12:00 – PyCon US 2025 - Make Python Talk and Listen 00:14:22 – Text-to-speech with pyttsx3 00:19:31 – Generating notifications and messages with ntfy.sh 00:22:09 – Exploring SQLite 00:28:26 – Teaching enough to start building 00:31:03 – The Recursive Book of Recursion 00:32:45 – Do you see a change in the audience of Python learners 00:35:36 – Expectations put upon a new Python learner 00:40:28 – What changes has 10 years inspired for the book? 00:43:40 – Teaching things in a new order and debugging 00:47:31 – Video Course Spotlight 00:48:56 – Including simple projects 00:54:12 – Book release timeframe and pre-orders 00:58:26 – In-line metadata for Python script sharing 00:59:33 – What are you excited about in the world of Python? 01:01:56 – What do you want to learn next? 01:04:34 – How can people follow your work online? 01:05:19 – Thanks and goodbye Show Links: Automate the Boring Stuff with Python, 3rd Edition - No Starch Press The Recurse Center scrollart.org 20 GOTO 10: How to Make Scrolling ASCII Art - PyTexas 2024 - YouTube Episode #26: 5 Years Podcasting Python With Michael Kennedy: Growth, GIL, Async, and More whisper: Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision PyVideo.org - Al Sweigart pyttsx3: Offline Text To Speech Synthesis for Python pyttsx3 - PyPI tesseract: Tesseract Open Source OCR Engine Make Python Talk, Make Python Listen - PyCon US 2025 yt-dlp: A feature-rich command-line audio/video downloader ntfy.sh - Send push notifications to your phone via PUT/POST SQLite Home Page SQLite and SQLAlchemy in Python: Move Your Data Beyond Flat Files – video course The Recursive Book of Recursion - No Starch Press Al Sweigart: The Amazing Mutable, Immutable Tuple - YouTube Python Developers Survey 2023 Results Inline script metadata - Python Packaging User Guide PyCon US 2025 Rust Programming Language Al Sweigart (@AlSweigart@mastodon.social) - Fosstodon Al Sweigart (@alsweigart.bsky.social) — Bluesky Invent with Python Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Debugging in Python With pdb Exploring Scopes and Closures in Python SQLite and SQLAlchemy in Python: Move Your Data Beyond Flat Files Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Manage Projects With pyproject.toml & Explore Polars LazyFrames 48:43

14 weeks ago48:43

48:43

How can you simplify the management of your Python projects with one file? What are the advantages of using LazyFrames in Polars? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week, bringing another batch of PyCoder’s Weekly articles and projects. We share a recent Real Python tutorial by Ian Currie about managing projects with a pyproject.toml file. This file simplifies Python project configuration by unifying package setup, managing dependencies, and streamlining builds. Christopher continues his exploration of the Polars library by covering another Real Python tutorial about working with LazyFrames. He describes how LazyFrames don’t contain data but instead store a set of instructions known as a query plan. We also share several other articles and projects from the Python community, including a news roundup, building a to-do app with Python and Kivy, working with DuckDB directly instead of using a DataFrame library, a discussion on fiction and nonfiction books about computer science, a terminal visual effects engine, and a full-stack platform for interactive data apps. Course Spotlight: Everyday Project Packaging With pyproject.toml In this Code Conversation video course, you’ll learn how to package your everyday projects with pyproject.toml . Playing on the same team as the import system means you can call your project from anywhere, ensure consistent imports, and have one file that’ll work for many build systems. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:00 – Happy Pi Day! 00:02:15 – Follow-up: Is BDD Dying? 00:03:32 – Django security releases issued: 5.1.7, 5.0.13 and 4.2.20 00:04:01 – Django 5.2 Beta 1 Released 00:04:11 – DjangoCon Africa Aug 2025 CFP 00:04:29 – Launching the PyCon US 2025 Schedule 00:04:48 – PyPy v7.3.19 Release 00:05:06 – Poetry 2.0.0 Released 00:05:34 – How to Manage Python Projects With pyproject.toml 00:12:10 – Build a To-Do App With Python and Kivy 00:16:22 – Mastering DuckDB When You’re Used to pandas or Polars 00:21:08 – Video Course Spotlight 00:22:42 – How to Work With Polars LazyFrames 00:27:41 – Fiction/Non-Fiction Books on the Topic of CS? 00:42:28 – preswald: Full-Stack Platform for Interactive Data Apps 00:45:52 – terminaltexteffects: Terminal Visual Effects Engine 00:47:59 – Thanks and goodbye Follow-up: Episode #239: Behavior-Driven vs Test-Driven Development & Using Regex in Python Is BDD Dying? - Automation Panda News: Django security releases issued: 5.1.7, 5.0.13 and 4.2.20 | Weblog | Django Django 5.2 Beta 1 Released DjangoCon Africa Aug 2025, Arusha, Tanzania, (Call for Proposals) Launching the PyCon US 2025 Schedule – This post summarizes the schedule for PyConUS, including a summary of the keynote speakers, and updates on conference swag. PyPy v7.3.19 Release Poetry 2.0.0 Released Show Links: How to Manage Python Projects With pyproject.toml – Learn how to manage Python projects with the pyproject.toml configuration file. In this tutorial, you’ll explore key use cases of the pyproject.toml file, including configuring your build, installing your package locally, managing dependencies, and publishing your package to PyPI. Build a To-Do App With Python and Kivy – “In this tutorial, you’ll go through a series of steps to build a basic To-Do app with Python, SQLite, and Kivy.” Mastering DuckDB When You’re Used to pandas or Polars – Why use DuckDB / SQL at all if you’re used to DataFrames? This article makes the case for some reasons why, and shows how to perform some operations which in DataFrames are basic but in SQL aren’t necessarily obvious. How to Work With Polars LazyFrames – In this tutorial, you’ll gain an understanding of the principles behind Polars LazyFrames. You’ll also learn why using LazyFrames is often the preferred option over more traditional DataFrames. Discussion: Fiction/Non-Fiction Books on the Topic of CS? Christopher Trudeau’s most recommended books (picked by super fans) ctrudeau - LibraryThing Project: preswald: Full-Stack Platform for Interactive Data Apps terminaltexteffects: Terminal Visual Effects Engine Additional Links: Pi Day - Celebrate Mathematics on March 14th What’s new in Python 3.14 — Python 3.14.0a5 documentation Mark Litwintschik - Tech Blog Episode #224: Narwhals: Expanding DataFrame Compatibility Between Libraries Working With Python Polars - Video Course How to Deal With Missing Data in Polars – Tutorial Book Review: The Little Schemer - The Invent with Python Blog Books Mentioned by Mr. Trudeau: “The Cuckoo’s Egg” by Clifford Stoll “Mythical Man Month” by Frederick Brooks “Phoenix Project” by Gene Kim “Dreaming in Code” by Scott Rosenberg “Digital Fortress” by Dan Brown “Godel Escher, Bach” by Douglas Hofstadlter “A Philosophy of Software Design” by John Ousterhout’s “I Hate The Internet” by Jarret Kobek “Snow Crash” by Neal Stephenson “Automate the Boring Stuff with Python” by Al Sweigart “Django In Action” by Christopher Trudeau “Refactoring Databases” by Scott W Ambler and Pramod J Sadalage “The C Programming Language” by Dennis M. Ritchie and Brian W. Kernighan “Open Source Licensing” by Lawrence Rosen “The Quick Python Book” by Naomi R. Ceder “Learn to Code By Solving Problems: A Python Programming Primer” by Daniel Zingaro “Python Automation Cookbook” by Jaime Buelta Books Mentioned by Mr. Bailey: “The Little Schemer” by Daniel P. Friedman “Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance” by Robert M. Pirsig “Shop Class as Soulcraft: An Inquiry into the Value of Work” by Matthew B. Crawford “Django for Beginners, APIs, and Professionals” by William S. Vincent “Python Crash Course” by Eric Matthes “Automate the Boring Stuff With Python” by Al Sweigart “Fluent Python” by Luciano Ramalho “Practices of the Python Pro” by Dane Hillard “Daemon and Freedom™” by Daniel Suarez Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Everyday Project Packaging With pyproject.toml Working With Python Polars Publishing Python Packages to PyPI Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Eric Matthes: Maybe Don't Start With Unit Tests 1:10:48

15 weeks ago1:10:48

1:10:48

Should you always start testing your code with unit tests? When does it make sense to look at integration or end-to-end testing as a first step instead? This week on the show, we speak with previous guest Eric Matthes about where to begin testing your code. Eric is the author of the popular book Python Crash Course . Early in the development of the book, he decided to introduce testing and added a chapter on testing code with pytest. Over the past couple of years, Eric has continued to consider when and where to test a project’s code. He thinks there are hazards to always starting with unit tests. The type of project and its audience should determine what kind of testing to employ initially. We discuss using pytest to develop integration tests on multiple types of projects. We also explore fixtures and what goes into building a test suite. Eric also shares criteria for when and where it makes sense to add unit tests to a project. Course Spotlight: Using Python’s assert to Debug and Test Your Code In this course, you’ll learn how to use Python’s assert statement to document, debug, and test code in development. You’ll learn how assertions might be disabled in production code, so you shouldn’t use them to validate data. You’ll also learn about a few common pitfalls of assertions in Python. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:01:47 – Submitting talks to conferences 00:04:10 – Don’t start with unit tests! 00:07:35 – How did you start with testing? 00:11:30 – Example of a project needing tests 00:14:54 – Defining types of tests 00:16:44 – Integration vs end-to-end tests 00:19:09 – When should you build tests? 00:22:13 – Trade offs of integration vs unit tests 00:24:05 – Why is there push back on this idea? 00:27:36 – Video Course Spotlight 00:29:09 – Using pytest 00:33:24 – Transcripts project example 00:37:03 – py-image-border project 00:40:29 – Criteria for when you should write unit tests 00:48:51 – How to practice writing tests 00:50:28 – Building an integration test and pytest fixtures 00:55:05 – What’s in the test folder? 00:56:31 – Idea for a PyCon tutorial on implementing tests 00:57:29 – Other pytest advice and parametrization 01:01:13 – Caveats to not starting with unit tests 01:02:30 – pytest documentation and other advice 01:05:23 – How to reach Eric online 01:06:47 – What are you excited about in the world of Python? 01:08:23 – What do you want to learn next? 01:09:48 – What conferences are you attending? 01:10:06 – Thanks and goodbye Show Links: Don’t start with unit tests - by Eric Matthes Sleep Better By Writing Python Tests with Eric Matthes - YouTube Episode #163: Python Crash Course & Learning Enough to Start Creating git-sim: Visually simulate Git operations in your own repos with a single terminal command Manim Community django-simple-deploy Learn the grand staff! py-image-border: Add a border to any image pytest Documentation - Get Started About fixtures - pytest documentation Parametrizing tests - pytest documentation uv: Unified Python packaging Prophet 5 Compact Poly Synth - Sequential PyCon US 2025 EuroPython 2025 - July 14th-20th 2025 - Prague, Czech Republic & Remote Python Crash Course, 3rd Edition - No Starch Press Mostly Python - Eric Matthes Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Everyday Project Packaging With pyproject.toml Testing Your Code With pytest Using Python's assert to Debug and Test Your Code Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Deciphering Python Jargon & Compiling Python 1.0 43:03

16 weeks ago43:03

43:03

How do you learn the terms commonly used when speaking about Python? How is the jargon similar to other programming languages? Christopher Trudeau is back on the show this week, bringing another batch of PyCoder’s Weekly articles and projects. We discuss a Python glossary recently created by Trey Hunner. Trey describes it as an unofficial glossary and Python jargon file. We dig into the terms and colloquial language often used when describing Python. We cover a blog post celebrating 31 years of Python by compiling Python 1.0. The piece walks through the hoops of finding the source code and standing up an old version of Debian. Once compiled, they open the REPL and find it surprisingly capable. We also share several other articles and projects from the Python community, including release news, a Python enhancement proposal roundup, managing Django’s queue, a course about NumPy techniques including practical examples, getting platform-specific directories, detecting which shell is in use, and a project for sorted container types. This episode is sponsored by Postman. Course Spotlight: NumPy Techniques and Practical Examples In this video course, you’ll learn how to use NumPy by exploring several interesting examples. You’ll read data from a file into an array and analyze structured arrays to perform a reconciliation. You’ll also learn how to quickly chart an analysis and turn a custom function into a vectorized function. Topics: 00:00:00 – Introduction 00:02:42 – Python Release 3.14.0a5 00:02:54 – PyPy v7.3.18 Released 00:03:32 – Beautifulsoup 4.13 Released 00:04:13 – PEP 759: External Wheel Hosting (Withdrawn) 00:04:54 – PEP 2026: Calendar Versioning for Python (Rejected) 00:06:48 – PEP 739: Static Description File for Build Details (Accepted) 00:07:51 – PEP 765: Disallow Return/Break/Continue That Exit a Finally Block (Accepted) 00:09:01 – Python Terminology: An Unofficial Glossary 00:19:32 – Sponsor: Postman 00:20:28 – NumPy Techniques and Practical Examples 00:24:12 – Let’s Compile Python 1.0 00:28:55 – Video Course Spotlight 00:30:14 – Managing Django’s Queue 00:36:41 – platformdirs: Get Platform-Specific Dirs 00:39:57 – shellingham: Tool to Detect Surrounding Shell 00:41:02 – python-sortedcontainers: Python Sorted Container Type 00:41:58 – Thanks and goodbye News: Python Release 3.14.0a5 PyPy v7.3.18 Released Beautifulsoup 4.13 Released PEP 759: External Wheel Hosting (Withdrawn) PEP 2026: Calendar Versioning for Python (Rejected) PEP 739: Static Description File for Build Details (Accepted) PEP 765: Disallow Return/Break/Continue That Exit a Finally Block (Accepted) Topics: Python Terminology: An Unofficial Glossary – “Definitions for colloquial Python terminology (effectively an unofficial version of the Python glossary).” NumPy Techniques and Practical Examples – In this video course, you’ll learn how to use NumPy by exploring several interesting examples. You’ll read data from a file into an array and analyze structured arrays to perform a reconciliation. You’ll also learn how to quickly chart an analysis and turn a custom function into a vectorized function. Let’s Compile Python 1.0 – As part of the celebration of 31 years of Python, Bite Code compiles the original Python 1.0 and plays around with it. Managing Django’s Queue – Carlton is one of the core developers of Django. This post talks about staying on top of the incoming pull-requests, bug fixes, and everything else in the development queue. Projects: platformdirs: Get Platform-Specific Dirs, e.g. “User Data Dir” shellingham: Tool to Detect Surrounding Shell python-sortedcontainers: Python Sorted Container Types Additional Links: Reference: Concise definitions for common Python terms – Real Python NumPy Practical Examples: Useful Techniques – Tutorial NumPy Practical Examples: Useful Techniques Quiz Python 1.0.0 is out! Podman OrbStack · Fast, light, simple Docker & Linux Level up your Python skills with our expert-led courses: Data Cleaning With pandas and NumPy Building Command Line Interfaces With argparse NumPy Techniques and Practical Examples Support the podcast & join our community of Pythonistas…

The Real Python Podcast

1
Telling Effective Stories With Your Python Visualizations 1:09:08

17 weeks ago1:09:08