Does acetaminophen use during pregnancy cause autism in children? In this episode: Brian Lee, who led the largest study on acetaminophen use and neurodevelopmental outcomes, walks through the study's findings—as well as the challenges of researching the causal effects of medication use during pregnancy. Then, biostatistician Elizabeth Stuart discusses how she thinks about assessing potential cause-and-effect relationships when studies have different strengths and weaknesses.

Brian Lee, PhD, MHS, is a professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at the Dornsife School of Public Health at Drexel University.

Elizabeth Stuart, PhD, is Chair in the Department of Biostatistics at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, where she focuses on designing and interpreting studies exploring causal effects.

Dr. Josh Sharfstein is distinguished professor of the practice in Health Policy and Management, a pediatrician, and former secretary of Maryland’s Health Department.

• Acetaminophen Use During Pregnancy and Children’s Risk of Autism, ADHD, and Intellectual Disability—JAMA

• What the evidence tells us about Tylenol, leucovorin, and autism—STAT

• Discovering How Environment Affects Autism—Hopkins Bloomberg Public Health Magazine

• Does A Really Cause B? How a Biostatistician Thinks About Causality—Public Health On Call (August 2024)

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