Public nutrition policy plays a critical role in shaping population health through laws, guidelines, and programs that influence what people eat. In this episode, Emily Callahan, an expert in nutrition policy, talks about why public nutrition policies often fall short and what “success” looks like.

They discuss how evidence-based nutrition interventions can stall due to political or practical barriers, and explore examples ranging from federal food assistance programs to sodium reduction initiatives. Crucially, they address how to evaluate if a policy has worked and highlight emerging strategies (like integrating “food as medicine” into healthcare) that offer hope for better outcomes.

This conversation is highly relevant for researchers, clinicians, and nutrition professionals, as it underscores the importance of policy in addressing nutrition challenges at the population level and examines how to design effective, data-driven policies for public health impact.

• [05:09] Understanding public health nutrition policy
• [08:44] Examples of public nutrition policies
• [21:27] Challenges in implementing nutrition policies
• [31:24] Evaluating the success of nutrition policies
• [34:58] Sustainability and political viability of health policies
• [38:07] Food Is Medicine: a promising policy target
• [44:50] Medically tailored meals: evidence and implementation
• [48:55] The MAHA commission report and its implications
• [56:42] Future directions in nutrition policy
• [01:04:49] Key ideas segment (premium-only)

• Join the Sigma email newsletter for free
• Subscribe to Sigma Nutrition Premium
• Go to episode page
• Enroll in the next cohort of our Applied Nutrition Literacy course
• JAMA Commentary: The MAHA Commission Report and Diet-Related Diseases in Youth – Mozaffarian, Callahan & Frist, 2025
• Mozafarrian et al., 2024 – “Food Is Medicine” Strategies for Nutrition Security and Cardiometabolic Health Equity: JACC State-of-the-Art Review
• Tufts’ Food Is Medicine Institute