This podcast dives deep into the tactical moves that drive business success, as well as the mental and physical resilience required to sustain it. Hosted by Adam Callinan, a seasoned entrepreneur with multiple exits, an avid outdoorsman, and an family man with crystal-clear priorities, each episode unpacks real-world challenges, actionable insights, and the mental and physical disciplines that fuel long-term personal and professional growth. Whether youβre scaling a startup or refining your ...
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Disrupting Default LLC Podcasts
"Got Knowledge Doc" Podkast with Dr. RR Baliga The "Got Knowledge Doc" Podkast, hosted by Dr. Ragavendra R. Baliga, is a knowledge-driven platform designed for physicians and healthcare providers seeking to stay at the forefront of medical science and innovation. With a distinguished career in cardiovascular medicine and academic leadership, Dr. Baliga engages with leading experts to explore cutting-edge research, emerging technologies, and transformative insights in medicine and beyond. Eac ...
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SOFA-2 Unveiled π§ βοΈπ-ππ©Ίπ¨ β Critical Care Enters a New Era
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4:15SOFA-2 is here β a major advance in assessing organ dysfunction in critical illness π§ π«β€οΈ Three decades after the original SOFA score, this updated framework reflects modern ICU practice β integrating contemporary organ support (ventilation, vasopressors, RRT), delirium recognition, and global feasibility across resource settings ππ Validated in 3.3β¦
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π Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Detect Early β’ Treat Aggressively β’ Protect Mothers
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5:01π Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: When a Mother's Heart Fights for Two Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a leading yet often missed cause of maternal morbidity and mortalityβstriking late in pregnancy or months postpartum. Early suspicion, timely echo, and guideline-directed therapy save lives. π©Ί π§ Bromocriptine, careful anticoagulation, and multidisciplinarβ¦
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Rethinking "default arterial lines" in the ICU π§ π
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5:00Rethinking "default lines" in the ICU π§ π A landmark NEJM trial shows that in patients with shock, deferring arterial catheterization and using automated cuff monitoring was noninferior for 28-day mortality β and reduced catheter-related complications. A gentle reminder: not every sick patient needs a needle to be well cared for. Precision isn't onlβ¦
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Light Pollution, Circadian Disruption, Cardiac Vulnerability ππ°οΈπ«
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4:19
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4:19π Bright Nights, Higher Heart Risk β€οΈβπ©Ή New findings in JAMA Network Open highlight that greater exposure to artificial light at night is associated with significantly increased risks of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke β independent of sleep duration, lifestyle factors, and genetics. π‘ β¦
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Rockets to Remedies: Mark L. Foxβs Journey Through Aerospace, Innovation, and Health Tech
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1:01:01In this episode of Growth Mavericks, host Adam Callinan, founder of Pentane β the Command Center for eCommerce profitability β sits down with Mark L. Fox, an aerospace engineer turned entrepreneur and health-tech innovator. Mark shares his journey from Cocoa Beach, working on the Space Shuttle program, to pioneering energy therapy and heart rate vaβ¦
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Rethinking Immune Aging: It Starts Sooner Than We Think π‘π©Έ
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4:23The immune clock starts earlier than we think β³π§¬ A landmark Nature study shows that immune aging begins quietly in midlife β decades before clinical frailty. Using >16M single-cell profiles and longitudinal vaccine responses, researchers found: β’ Stable, early transcriptional drift in naΓ―ve & memory T cells β’ A subtle TH2 shift that may weaken antiβ¦
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Seven Years Later: TAVR Didn't Blink ππ«
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3:28π« TAVR or SAVR? The 7-Year Truth New 7-year results from the PARTNER-3 trial (NEJM) show that in low-risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis, TAVR holds pace with surgery β delivering comparable survival, stroke rates, rehospitalization, valve durability, and quality-of-life outcomes. π Highlights β’ Composite events: 34.6% (TAVR) vs 3β¦
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Dr RR Baliga's Philosophical Discourses: Baruch Spinoza (Netherlands, 1632β1677 CE) β Ethics
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6:00πΏ Spinoza: Reason, Nature, Freedom Today's deck explores Baruch Spinoza β the quietly revolutionary Dutch philosopher who shaped rationalism, modern biblical criticism, and secular democracy. He saw God = Nature, championed intellectual freedom, and argued that understanding our emotions transforms them β not far from cognitive-behavioral ideas we β¦
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New Mitral Frontier πͺπ«πΆββοΈ TMVR Opens a Third Pathway
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5:14A new era for complex mitral regurgitation. The ENCIRCLE pivotal trial in The Lancet reports that fully percutaneous, transfemoral, transseptal TMVR (SAPIEN M3) achieved durable MR reduction (β96% β€1+ at 1 year), low early mortality, and meaningful improvement in symptoms and quality of life for patients unsuitable for surgery or TEER. A third pathβ¦
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Immune Fountain of Youth? Mesenchymal Magic π§β¨
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3:44𧬠Can we rejuvenate the aging immune system? A remarkable Nature Biotechnology study shows that a rare population of periostin-positive mesenchymal niche cells can rebuild the adult thymus, recruit new T-cell progenitors, and restore immune responses after injury. By harnessing CCL19-expressing stromal support, the authors demonstrate a path towardβ¦
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Cancer, Cure, Cardio-Care π¬β
π« Not Every Survivor Needs a Cardiologist β But Every Heart Needs Attention
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4:53π©ΊποΈ Cardio-Oncology Insight: Not Every Breast Cancer Survivor Needs a Cardiologist As breast cancer survivorship grows, understanding who truly benefits from long-term cardiac follow-up becomes essential. An important editorial in JAMA Oncology underscores a key principle: risk-stratified care, not reflex surveillance. π©ββοΈπ Age and traditional carβ¦
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Urolithin A: The Immune Youth Serum? β¨π§«π§β‘οΈπ§ββοΈ
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3:41𧬠Can we rejuvenate the aging immune system? A new Nature Aging trial suggests we might be closer than we thought. In 50 healthy adults aged 45β70, urolithin Aβa mitophagy activatorβimproved immune fitness over just 28 days: β
β naΓ―ve CD8βΊ T cells β
β exhaustion markers (TOX) β
β mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1Ξ±) β
β fatty-acid oxidation capacity β
β¦
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Short DAPT Wins, Ultra-Short Fails π«1οΈβ£β
3οΈβ£ Stratified Strategy From HOST-BR
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3:49π« Personalizing DAPT: When "One Size Fits All" Fails ποΈπ The HOST-BR trial in The Lancet offers an important clinical lesson: Bleeding risk should guide antiplatelet duration after PCI β not habit, not inertia. π Key insight In ARC-HBR patients, 1-month DAPT was not non-inferior to 3 months In non-HBR patients, 3-month DAPT was non-inferior to 12 mβ¦
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Beyond CPAP, Beyond Weight, ππ¨β¨: Sultiame Steps Into OSA Therapy π¬οΈππ
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6:10π¨ New Pharmacotherapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ππ In a landmark Phase 2 trial published in The Lancet, sultiameβ a carbonic anhydrase inhibitorβshowed dose-dependent reduction in AHI and improved nocturnal oxygenation in adults with moderateβsevere OSA. π‘ Key insights: β’ 298 participants across 5 European countries β’ 200 mg daily delivered the β¦
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π Who Gets Aspirin? Risk Rules Rewritten!
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4:19
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4:19π’ New Study Alert π©Ίπ In JAMA Internal Medicine, a national analysis reveals that using the PREVENT risk calculator (vs Pooled Cohort Equations) dramatically reduces the number of U.S. adults aged 40β59 eligible for aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Among 7.6 million current aspirin users, >96% wouldn't qualify by PREVENT π€―. Tβ¦
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πͺ Double Trouble or Dual Protection? πππ‘οΈ Ticagrelor and Aspirin After CABGβWhat Did We Learn?
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4:14π§ TACSI Trial in NEJM (Sep 2025) challenges the status quo on dual antiplatelet therapy after CABG for ACS! π¨ββοΈ 2201 patients across 5 Nordic countries π Ticagrelor + Aspirin β better outcomes vs Aspirin alone π No reduction in death, MI, stroke, or revascularization π©Έ But bleeding (4.9% vs 2.0%) & dyspnea (18.2% vs 6.4%) increased π Guidelines maβ¦
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π― Early Aspirin Withdrawal After PCI in ACS is Risky?
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4:55π§ͺ NEO-MINDSET Trial π§π· published in NEJM asks: Can we safely drop aspirin early after PCI in acute coronary syndromes (ACS)? π Monotherapy with ticagrelor/prasugrel reduced bleeding π©Έ but increased early ischemic events π₯ vs dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). β Noninferiority for major adverse cardiovascular events was not met. π DAPT still stands tβ¦
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From Shark Tank to $60M: Adam Callinan on Scaling Lean and Building Pentane
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52:50In this special episode of Growth Mavericks, host Adam Callinan flips the mic on himself β re-airing his guest interview from EcommerceFuel with Andrew Youderian. Together, they unpack a decade of lessons in building, selling, and reinventing how founders think about business, risk, and profitability. Adam shares how fatherhood reshaped his approacβ¦
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π§ Precision, Prevention, Progress: Low-Dose Aspirin for PI3K-Altered Localized Colorectal Cancer
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6:31π¨ New in NEJM β The ALASCCA Trial 𧬠Low-dose aspirin (160 mg/day) reduced colorectal cancer recurrence in patients with PIK3CA, PIK3R1, or PTEN mutations π― β
3-year recurrence: 7.7% (aspirin) vs 14β17% (placebo) β
Group A HR: 0.49 | Group B HR: 0.42 β
NNT as low as 6 in stage III rectal cancer π₯ β οΈ Slight increase in adverse events π§ Editorial callβ¦
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π₯ Modern PCI, π« MI Managed, π Aspirin Dropped Early, π Bleeds Reduced
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3:56π‘ TARGET-FIRST trial (NEJM, Aug 2025) shows that in low-risk AMI patients post-PCI with complete revascularization, stopping aspirin after 1 month and continuing P2Y12 monotherapy is noninferior to dual antiplatelet therapyβwith 54% fewer bleeding events π©Έππ βοΈ A modern, patient-tailored antiplatelet strategyβbacked by potent P2Y12 inhibitors and sβ¦
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Dr RR Baliga's Philosophical Discourses: RenΓ© Descartes (France, 1596β1650 CE) β Founder of Modern Western Philosophy
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4:36π‘ "Cogito, ergo sum" β I think, therefore I am. RenΓ© Descartes laid the foundation of modern Western philosophy and scientific reasoning, linking algebra to geometry, and mind to body. π§ π His legacy reminds healthcare professionals to unite reason with compassion β science with soul. β€οΈβοΈBy MasterMedFacts LLC
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1. ππ©ΈβοΈ Aspirin, Anticoagulants & Harm: Rethinking Dual Therapy in Stable CAD
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4:23
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4:23ππ« Aspirin in the Crosshairs? The AQUATIC Trial (NEJM, Aug 2025) raises sharp questions on dual-pathway therapy in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) patients already on long-term anticoagulation. π Adding aspirin led to: β’ β Ischemic events (HR 1.53; P=0.02) β’ β Mortality (HR 1.72; P=0.01) β’ β Major bleeding (HR 3.35; P) π§ Takeaway: More isn't alwaysβ¦
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π¦§π₯π§ Lead, Language & Legacy: How Lead Shaped Human Evolution
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3:13π§ π₯ Could lead poisoning have helped shape human evolution? A bold new hypothesis suggests that Homo sapiens may have survived while Neanderthals and Denisovans vanishedβthanks to genetic defenses against environmental lead. 𧬠By analyzing fossil teeth π¦· and testing brain organoids π§ͺ, researchers found that ancient lead exposure disrupted key languaβ¦
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𧬠How HMGN1 Gene Hijacks the Heart in Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome) β€οΈπ«π
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3:46π¨ New in Nature π§¬: Groundbreaking study reveals how HMGN1, a dosage-sensitive epigenetic regulator on chromosome 21, reprograms atrioventricular cardiomyocytes into a ventricular fateβdriving congenital heart defects in Down syndrome ππ«. Using hiPSCs, single-cell RNA sequencing, and a CRISPRa CROP-seq screen, researchers pinpoint HMGN1 as a causal β¦
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π§― No Smoke, Still Fire β Rethinking Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers
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5:28
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5:28π Lung Cancer in Nonsmokers β a hidden epidemic affecting up to 20% of global cases π. Unlike tobacco-related disease, this form often strikes younger, female, and Asian populations, with EGFR and ALK mutations driving tumors π¬. Despite low mutation burden and no smoking history, these patients benefit immensely from targeted therapies like osimertβ¦
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π₯Ύ4000 Steps, 2 Days a week, 1 Big Difference
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4:08π Just 2 Days Can Make a Difference! π§π In a large cohort of 13,547 older women (mean age 72), walking β₯4,000 steps/day on even 1β2 days/week was linked to a 26% lower mortality and 27% lower cardiovascular disease risk π₯. Those walking β₯3 days/week had even greater benefits! π Higher step thresholds (up to 7,000/day) showed further mortality reducβ¦
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π§ Macrophages Lost, π Capillaries Impaired, π Aging Accelerated
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4:11π§ Aging skin, fading flow. This 2025 Nature study uncovers how dermal capillary-associated macrophages (CAMs) decline with ageβpreceding microvascular dysfunction and impaired blood flow. 𧬠Using intravital imaging and macrophage fate mapping in mice (and validating in humans!), the authors reveal that CAMs are not replenished unless triggered by iβ¦
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SELECT TRIAL: Semaglutide, Central Fat, and Cardioprotection π§ͺπΉπ‘οΈ
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6:44π«π Published in The Lancet (Oct 22, 2025): SELECT trial investigators report that semaglutide reduced MACE by 20% in patients with obesity but without diabetesβindependent of weight loss. Waist circumference, not weight, tracked with outcomes, yet explained only 33% of the benefit. This landmark analysis redefines GLP-1RAs as disease-modifying agenβ¦
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"Rootsβ―&β―Remedies π±π‘: Women's Hair Loss Uncovered
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6:59Hair Loss in Women" (The New England Journal of Medicine 2025; DOI 10.1056/NEJMcp2412146) π, and it's a mustβlisten for anyone in clinical practice or research. The piece highlights that femaleβpattern hair loss increases with age and is closely tied to hormonal status, and that treatments span from topical 5% minoxidil or lowβdose oral minoxidil tβ¦
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π§ πβοΈ "Mood, Metabolism, and Meds: Decoding Antidepressant Side Effects"
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4:52π New in The Lancet! A massive network meta-analysis of 94 RCTs (105,435 patients) reveals that antidepressants impact far more than mood π§ βthey alter weight βοΈ, glucose π©Έ, BP π, lipids π§¬, and liver enzymes π§ͺ. Agomelatine π may lower weight, while nortriptyline π raises heart rate. Time to rethink side-effect profiles when prescribing! π Pills, Preβ¦
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Genome, Gender, and Her Burden of Blue: The Genetics of Depression
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7:40𧬠Her Genes, His Risk, Our Mind π‘ New insights from Thomas et al., Nature Communications (2025) β summarized beautifully by Na Cai in Nature News & Views. Women carry a heavier polygenic burden for major depressive disorder (MDD), with ~6,000 female-specific variants and stronger genetic links to metabolic traits like BMI and metabolic syndrome. π§ β¦
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π¦· "Mouth to Myocardium to Mortality: How Oral Bacteria Hijack the Heart"
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4:33π¦·π« New Findings Linking Oral Health to Heart Attacks! π§¬π§« Groundbreaking research in JAHA reveals that viridans streptococci, common oral bacteria, form biofilms in atherosclerotic plaques that evade immune detection. These stealthy invaders trigger innate and adaptive immune responses, correlating with plaque rupture, myocardial infarction, and sudβ¦
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Lean, Profitable, and Free: How Alexandra Cristin Scaled Smart and Sold Big
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54:27In this episode of the Growth Mavericks Podcast, host Adam Callinan sits down with Alexandra Cristin, founder of Glam Seamless, to unpack an extraordinary journey β from growing up in poverty to building and selling an 8-figure eCommerce brand. Alexandra shares how she turned $1,500 and two shades of hair extensions into one of the most recognized β¦
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Why Alzheimer Hits Women Harder: 𧬠From APOE4 to Estradiol
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4:23π§ Why Does Alzheimer's Affect More Women Than Men? New insights from JAMA Medical News reveal that the answer goes far beyond longevity. πΈ Biology, hormones, and even social factors intertwine β from estrogen decline and X chromosome genetics to APOE4 risks and underdiagnosis due to stronger verbal memory. Women make up two-thirds of all Alzheimer'β¦
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π From Dizzy to Steady: Time Restricted Eating Tames Tachycardia, Tunes Mitochondria, and Lifts Mood
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4:58π¨ New Study Alert π Can when you eat improve how you feel? This open-label pilot study shows that Time-Restricted Eating (TRE) β limiting food intake to an 8β10 hour window β significantly improved: β
Quality of Life (β SF-36 & β MAPS scores) β
Orthostatic Heart Rate (β by 11 bpm, p β
Mitochondrial ATP production (β, p TRE may offer a safe, feasiblβ¦
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Dr RR Baliga's Philosophical Discourses: Guru Nanak (India, 1469β1539 CE) β Founder of Sikhism
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3:32π Guru Nanak (1469β1539 CE): The Voice of Oneness & Compassion π From Ik Onkar (One God) to Seva (selfless service), Guru Nanak's message transcends faith β reminding us that true spirituality lies in equality, honesty, and compassion. ποΈ His principles β Naam Japo (meditate), Kirat Karo (work honestly), Vand Shhako (share with others) β continue tβ¦
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π Low Risk β No Risk: CAC π§ Adds Predictive Power
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5:24π¨ New Study Alert π©Ί Think you're low-risk? Think again. This MESA study shows that even "low-risk" individuals may harbor hidden coronary artery calcium (CAC) β and it matters. π Adding CAC scoring significantly improved ASCVD risk prediction, reclassifying up to 18% into statin-eligible groups. π§ Implication? Precision prevention may start with a β¦
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𧬠Aging Hearts, Arrested Cells: The Cellular Villain in CardioVascular Aging π«
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7:15𧬠Cellular senescence is more than just a marker of aging β it's a key driver of β€οΈ cardiovascular disease. From the p53/p21 and p16/Rb axes to mTOR, SIRT1/6, NF-ΞΊB, and ROS/DDR, these molecular pathways halt cell division, fuel inflammation π₯, and impair cardiac repair. Emerging data spotlight the roles of π£ SASP, π§ senescent MSCs, and π― microRNAsβ¦
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Leveraging Opportunistic CAC Detection from Routine Chest CT: βοΈ From Pixels to Prevention πβ€οΈ
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5:14π¨ Hidden heart risks in plain sight? π«π©» The latest AHA Scientific Statement unveils the power of opportunistic coronary artery calcium (CAC) detection on routine noncardiac chest CTs. With AI-driven automation, we can now detect subclinical atherosclerosis, improve preventive therapy, and bridge disparitiesβall without additional imaging or cost. π‘β¦
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π Retinas, Wrists & Risks: The Injury Epidemic in Pickleball
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6:16π¨ Pickleball's Popularity Comes at a Price πΎποΈ As the fastest-growing sport in the U.S. hits 20M players, injuriesβespecially eye and orthopedicβare rising sharply π. New data from JAMA Ophthalmology and JAMA News & Analysis reveal alarming trends: retinal detachments, fractures, falls, and moreβmostly in players over 50 π΅π§. Time to talk preventionβ¦
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𧬠New insights from Nature Medicine! Researchers reveal that obesity caused by MC4R deficiency β the most common monogenic form β is paradoxically linked to lower LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure π‘. Despite severe obesity, these individuals show a "metabolically healthier" profile, likely due to altered central melanocortin signalβ¦
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β‘ From Sample to Sequence to Solution Revolutionizing NICU Care with Same-Day Whole Genome Sequencing
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4:20πΌ Game-changer in the NICU! Same-day genome sequencing using Sequencing by Expansion (SBX) delivered actionable results in under 7 hours for critically ill infants π§¬β±οΈ. Two life-altering diagnosesβincluding KCNQ2-related epilepsyβwere identified faster than any existing rapid test. Published in The New England Journal of Medicine π°. Precision care,β¦
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Desi Vessels, Dense Plaques, Diagnostic Gaps π©»π§±π Redefining Subclinical Atherosclerosis in South Asians
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8:23π©Ί Desi Hearts, Hidden Plaques, Bold Truths ππ«π In the Atherosclerosis journal, Manubolu et al. use AI-powered CCTA to expose an alarming reality: 𧬠Young South Asians have high-risk plaqueβeven when CAC = 0. π Risk scores fail to capture this. πΈ CCTA sees what traditional tools miss. It's time to personalize prevention for Desi hearts. #CCTA #DesiHβ¦
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Micro Detritus, Macro Damage, Global Dilemma ππ§¬π
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6:21Microplastics β once dismissed as environmental debris β are now being found in the brain, placenta, heart, and bloodstream. π§ π«πΆ Recent JAMA (2025) and NEJM (2024) studies link them to inflammation, oxidative stress, and higher cardiovascular risk. β οΈ From beer to baby bottles, no corner of modern life is untouched. πΊπΌ It's time for urgent global aβ¦
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β οΈ Belly Fat & Broken Hearts: The Adipokine Hypothesis of HFpEF
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4:24π¬ New paradigm for HFpEF! π§ The Adipokine Hypothesis reframes preserved EF heart failure as an endocrine disorder driven by dysfunctional visceral fat. π« Adipokines like leptin, aldosterone & neprilysin disrupt volume, inflammation & fibrosis. Target the fat β‘οΈ fix the heart! π‘ π JACC 2025 | Milton Packer MD #HFpEF #Cardiology #Adipokines #Visceralβ¦
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π§ New study in Nature Medicine links shingles (herpes zoster) to increased dementia risk β but there's hope! π Adults β₯50 who received zoster vaccines (ZVL or RZV) had significantly lower dementia rates π. Especially protective in older women π΅. Evidence mounts for VZV reactivation as a modifiable risk factor for neurodegeneration π§¬π‘οΈ. π Read more:β¦
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π§© Matching RCTs to Reality: The Impella Data from Japan
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6:14π¨ Real-World vs RCT? Only 1 in 3 patients with AMI-related cardiogenic shock in Japan met the π¬ DanGer trial criteria for Impella use. The J-PVAD registry (π―π΅, n=3975) reveals a stark βοΈ reality: eligibility matters, and survival varies! π« Time to align practice with precision. π Read the full European Heart Journal study for clinical pearls and caβ¦
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π Learn. Use. Lead. A Clinician's Guide to the GenAI Frontier
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5:11π¨ New Era in Medicine! π©Ίπ€ JAMA Internal Medicine highlights how Generative AI (GenAI) is reshaping clinical workflowsβfrom AI scribes π to diagnostic copilots π§ . Physicians must prompt wisely, partner smartly, and practice responsibly. A must-read to stay ahead! π‘π #GenerativeAI #DigitalHealth #MedicalEducation #JAMA π https://jamanetwork.com/journβ¦
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π₯βοΈπ§« Immunity Meets Metabolism: The Fat-Absorption Trifecta
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5:11π§ β¨ New Science Perspective unpacks a "tripartite alliance" between TH17 cells, IL-22 cytokine signaling, and enterocytes in regulating fat absorption! π₯π§« Loss of Aster-A in T cells boosts IL-22, suppressing intestinal lipid uptakeβa striking example of immune-metabolic crosstalk with implications for obesity and malabsorption. π¬π‘οΈ π Science, Oct 20β¦
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Dr RR Baliga's Philosophical Discourses: Tulsidas (India, 1532β1623 CE) β Author of Ramcharitmanas
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5:25πΈ Tulsidas (1511β1623 CE): India's Poet of Devotion and Duty β¨ Bridging East and West, Tulsidas transformed spiritual thought much like Dante, Milton, and Luther did in Europe. His Ramcharitmanas made divine wisdom accessible to all, blending poetry, psychology, and ethics. π A timeless voice for compassion, virtue, and inner transformation β reminβ¦
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